These are two of the greatest mysteries of life. The answer to the first question is partly based on medical evidence or the lack of it as the soul cannot be found within the physical body. We get some clues as to what faculties or components of a person could be eternal and reside in the soul from Jesus’ words in Luke 10:27.
When Jesus was asked, “What is the greatest commandment?” He answered, “you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength and with all your mind.” These components are what appear to constitute the total you.
Throughout history, theologians have identified the soul as that part of our being that is eternal. It is the part that is connected to God.
Most likely that at least your mind and heart (your personality/emotions) are distinct parts of your being and components of your soul. Other elements of the soul are believed to be the will, conscience, intuition, beliefs and perhaps sense of curiosity. The soul uses the senses to experience the external world. Some people who have had out of body experiences have reported to have the senses of both sight and hearing.
The Bible states that when your body dies, as all will, those who have put their faith and trust in Jesus as Lord and Savior will never die (John 11:26). In fact, believers are promised a new glorious body suited for eternity that will never die. The implication is that your eternal soul with its timeless components will survive physical death and be placed into that new glorious body. (Philippians 3:21). Sounds pretty exciting but only if Jesus is your Savior. Is He? If not, please take a look at our post: How Can I Become a Christian?